B.A. Social Notes

                                     Illusion False perception is illusion. Eysenck (1972) et.al.says that,the difference from reality of subjective perception is illusion,or the wrong perception of a thing is illusion. Types of Illusion 1-Vertical Horizontal Illusion- Although the horizontal and vertical lines are equal in length still the vertical appears to be longer. 2-Zullner Illusion- Although all the four lines are parallel but they do not look parallel because of the curved lines on them. 3-Poggendroff Illusion- In this there are two parallel lines which are overlapped by two separate vertical lines. But they appear to be cut through a single continued vertical lines. 4-Ponzo Illusion- Two equal lines in an angle,the line near the angle appear to be larger where as the line away from the angle appears smaller. 5-Hering Illusion- Such types of illusion is illustrated below. In this both the horizontal lines are although parallel but they appear to be curved. D

                                        Attention Attention is the term used or given to the perceptual processes that select certain inputs for inclusion in our conscious experience or awareness at any time. So it is the process involving the act of listening and concentrating on a topic object or events for the attainment desires of end. Definition- According to Dumville, "Attention is the concentration of consciousness upon one object other than another ". According to Ross ,"Attention is the process of getting an object or thought clearly before the mind ". Types of Attention 1- Voluntary 2- Involuntary 3- Naturalistic 4- Sustained 5- Divided 6- Selective 7- Alternating 1-Voluntary Attention- When the exercise will is called upon it became voluntary attention because it demands the conscious effort on our path it is least automatic and spontaneous like that of non-voluntary attention. 2-Involuntary Attention -This types of attentions is arou